Back Pain Summary Summary Back pain is a common condition affecting the spine, muscles, and nerves. Symptoms include localized pain, stiffness, and limited mobility, often triggered by poor posture or injury. Treatment involves physical therapy, pain management, and lifestyle adjustments like exercise and ergonomics. Introduction Back pain stands as a common health issue around the […]
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Babesiosis Summary Summary Babesiosis is a tick-borne parasitic infection caused by Babesia species, affecting red blood cells. Symptoms include fever, chills, fatigue, and hemolytic anemia, with severe cases in immunocompromised individuals. Treatment involves antiparasitic drugs like atovaquone and azithromycin or clindamycin and quinine in severe cases. Introduction Babesiosis is a disease caused by parasites called
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Avian Influenza Summary Summary Avian influenza, or bird flu, is caused by influenza viruses that primarily affect birds but can infect humans. Human cases are rare but can lead to severe respiratory illness and high mortality rates. Prevention includes monitoring outbreaks, avoiding contact with infected birds, and practicing good hygiene. Introduction Avian influenza, or bird
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Avascular Necrosis Summary Avascular Necrosis Summary Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply, often leading to bone collapse. Common causes include trauma, steroid use, or excessive alcohol consumption. Early symptoms include joint pain, with advanced stages causing limited movement and severe joint damage. Introduction Avascular necrosis (AVN),
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ADPKD Summary Summary Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder causing multiple kidney cysts, leading to kidney enlargement and dysfunction. Symptoms include hypertension, flank pain, hematuria, and progressive renal failure. Management involves blood pressure control, pain management, and monitoring renal function; tolvaptan is a specific treatment option for slowing disease progression. Introduction
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Autoimmune Thyroiditis Summary Summary Autoimmune thyroiditis is an immune-mediated disorder that leads to thyroid inflammation and dysfunction. Common symptoms include fatigue, weight changes, and sensitivity to cold or heat. Treatment focuses on hormone replacement therapy and monitoring thyroid hormone levels to manage symptoms. Introduction Autoimmune thyroiditis, called Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is the
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Summary Summary Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition affecting communication, social skills, and behavior. Key symptoms include difficulty with social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. Treatment focuses on therapies such as behavioral, speech, and occupational interventions to enhance skills. Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex condition related
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ADHD Summary Summary ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It commonly affects children but can persist into adulthood, impacting daily functioning. Treatment includes behavioral therapy, medications, and supportive strategies in educational settings. Introduction Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder affecting brain development, marked by ongoing issues with attention, hyperactivity, and
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Atrial Fibrillation Summary Summary Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia where the atria beat irregularly and often rapidly, increasing the risk of stroke and heart failure. Symptoms of AF include heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fatigue, with episodes ranging from occasional to persistent. Management strategies for AF involve anticoagulant medications to
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Asthma Summary Summary Asthma is a chronic airway inflammation causing breathlessness, wheezing, and coughing. Common triggers include allergens, exercise, and respiratory infections. Treatment involves inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and trigger avoidance. Introduction Asthma is a long-term lung issue marked by swelling and narrowing of airways, making it hard to breathe. It is among the most frequent
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