Arthritis Summary Summary Arthritis refers to inflammation of joints, leading to pain and stiffness. Common types include osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, each with unique causes and symptoms. Treatment involves medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery. Introduction Arthritis is a general term for over 100 diseases that lead to inflammation, pain, stiffness, and swelling

AVM Summary Summary Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) is a tangle of abnormal blood vessels disrupting normal blood flow. Symptoms include headaches, seizures, neurological deficits, and potential bleeding. Treatment options include surgical removal, endovascular embolization, or radiosurgery. Introduction An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an unusual link between arteries and veins, skipping the usual capillary network. In a

Arrhythmia Summary Summary Arrhythmia refers to irregular heart rhythms caused by disruptions in electrical impulses. Symptoms include palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes and medications to surgical interventions like pacemaker implantation. Introduction Arrhythmia is when the heart beats in a way that is not normal. This means

Arnold-Chiari Malformation Summary Summary Arnold-Chiari Malformation involves the structural defect of the cerebellum extending into the spinal canal. Common symptoms include headaches, dizziness, neck pain, and balance problems. Treatment ranges from symptom management to decompression surgery for severe cases. Introduction Arnold-Chiari malformation, or Chiari malformation, is a brain defect involving the cerebellum, which helps with

Appendicitis Summary Summary Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction or infection. Symptoms include right lower abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Treatment typically involves surgical removal (appendectomy) or antibiotics in select cases. Introduction Appendicitis is a common medical issue that involves the inflammation of the appendix, which is a small

Angina Summary Summary Angina is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Symptoms include chest tightness triggered by physical activity or stress. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications, and addressing underlying conditions. Introduction Angina, which people call angina pectoris, is chest pain due to less blood flow to the heart, causing ischemia.