Diseases and Treatment

Avian Influenza Summary Summary Avian influenza, or bird flu, is caused by influenza viruses that primarily affect birds but can infect humans. Human cases are rare but can lead to severe respiratory illness and high mortality rates. Prevention includes monitoring outbreaks, avoiding contact with infected birds, and practicing good hygiene. Introduction Avian influenza, or bird

ADPKD Summary Summary Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder causing multiple kidney cysts, leading to kidney enlargement and dysfunction. Symptoms include hypertension, flank pain, hematuria, and progressive renal failure. Management involves blood pressure control, pain management, and monitoring renal function; tolvaptan is a specific treatment option for slowing disease progression. Introduction

Autoimmune Thyroiditis Summary Summary Autoimmune thyroiditis is an immune-mediated disorder that leads to thyroid inflammation and dysfunction. Common symptoms include fatigue, weight changes, and sensitivity to cold or heat. Treatment focuses on hormone replacement therapy and monitoring thyroid hormone levels to manage symptoms. Introduction Autoimmune thyroiditis, called Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is the

Atrial Fibrillation Summary Summary Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia where the atria beat irregularly and often rapidly, increasing the risk of stroke and heart failure. Symptoms of AF include heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fatigue, with episodes ranging from occasional to persistent. Management strategies for AF involve anticoagulant medications to

Asthma Summary Summary Asthma is a chronic airway inflammation causing breathlessness, wheezing, and coughing. Common triggers include allergens, exercise, and respiratory infections. Treatment involves inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and trigger avoidance. Introduction Asthma is a long-term lung issue marked by swelling and narrowing of airways, making it hard to breathe. It is among the most frequent